Second language teaching and learning with technology eric. The use of technology for second language learning and. Theories and research of second language acquisition. Rafael salaberry department of hispanic studies rice university 6100 main st. Second language learning and language teaching this page intentionally left. Stephen krashens theory of second language acquisition consists of five main hypotheses. Challenges in indian classrooms to teach english as a. Medved krajnovic encyclopedia of life support systems eolss the second part of the article is devoted to second language acquisition sla. Krashen which has major implications for the teaching of writing in the first language. Challenges in indian classrooms to teach english as a second language nilima roy1 abstract this paper examines the present status of english as a second language in india.
Identity in foreign language learning and teaching. The impact of culture on second language learning 5 culture have a kind of deep and symbolic relationship. Communicative language teaching today is an extremely important element of language learning and can be found in almost every language classroom and nearly every language schoolbook. The foreign language learning process teachingenglish. The relationship between sla and language teaching is not by any means a. These approaches combine high quality teaching with second language acquisition principles, producing gradeappropriate, curriculumbased learning that is comprehensible to ells.
Second language acquisition and language teaching eric. International nordicbaltic region conference of fiplv innovations in language teaching and learning in the multicultural context 1516th june, 2007, riga, latvia. Teaching language literacy and content within this assignment, you will provide an original lesson plan that focuses on literacy development of your ells. Trayectos is an open curriculum for beginning second language learners of spanish. Identity in foreign language learning and teaching teachingenglish. Strategies for teaching english language learners scholastic. Pdf second language learning and language teaching. Second language learning and language teaching provides an introduction to the application of second language acquisition research to language teaching. First, methods for teaching foreign languages will be explained and compared. Her research includes classroom and laboratory studies into grammar. Errors due to the influence of the native language are called interlingual errors. In order to justify this assumption, excerpts from some english language learning histories are provided to exem.
Prior to this century, language teaching methodology vacillated between two types of approaches. In this article, major types of errors in second language learning are first briefly mentioned. Dual language learners hearing language is learning babies are born citizens of the world. She is the authoreditor of numerous books, has served as. Stephen krashens widely known and wellaccepted theory of second language acquisition, has had a large impact in all areas of second language research and teaching since the 1980s. Pdf second language acquisition and language teaching. The use of technology for second language learning and teaching. I also drew upon the frequent questions, comments, reactions, complaints and amazements. Six key strategies for teachers of englishlanguage learners. This is a beta version, part of a twovolume program that is still being developed by dr.
It defines language and identifies the factors that affect second language learning. Conversely, culture also symbolizes language and is summed in the. Formal and informal linguistic environments in language acquisition and language learning 40 4. Provides a synthesis of key principles of language learning and game design for classroom use. Learning and teaching styles in foreign and second. Benefits of elementary secondlanguage learning 11 chapter ii. Following the definition and the goals of this new discipline within applied linguistics. Teaching grammar in context david nunan metaphors for second language acquisition from a grammatical perspective, many foreign language programmes and teaching materials are based on a linear model of language acquisition. Introduction learner characteristics or individual differences ids play leading roles in second language acquisition sla. For tips on integrating eld strategies into your classroom, visit my blog strategies for teaching english language learners. Unesco eolss sample chapters linguistics language teaching methodology and second language acquisition j. Krashen 1982 hypothesised that the process of learning a second language is. She is the authoreditor of numerous books, has served as the president of the american association for.
However, in a language classroom the teacher and students should share responsibility. The usual way to do this is to discuss some research results first, outline a possible theory, and then list some implications. For example, in unit 4 of new english file oxenden et al. His publications deal with code choice in second language learning, constructivist, ecological, and critical approaches to c urriculum design and teaching and issues of language program direction. First language acquisition vs second language learning. In the majority of language education settings, instruction is given. Learners have more chances to interact with other speakers, and therefore the amount of language they use is also increased. This is not surprising, given that language is the main vehicle. The american council on the teaching of foreign languages actfl is submitting its revised program standards for the preparation of foreign language teachersinitial level to the specialty areas studies board sasb of caep for approval. We define acquisition and learning, and present the monitor model for adult second language performance. This model operates on the premise that learners acquire one target language item at a time, in a sequential, stepbystep.
Techniques and principles in language teaching 3rd edition. On teaching strategies in second language acquisition. Second language learning errors their types, causes, and treatment hanna y. Language teaching methods teachers handbook for the video series by diane larsenfreeman office of english language programs materials branch united states department of. Second language learning and language teaching by vivian. The use of first language in the secondlanguage classroom. But this information will be only a starting point when it comes to. However, the cognitive approach is a relatively new theory of second language acquisition and might not be so popular yet to apply inside.
Individual variation in the use of the monitor 12 2. Following this, brief summaries of research results in various areas of second language acquisition serve as both an overview of monitor theory research. Teachers at k16 levels have incorporated various forms of technology to support their teaching, engage students in the learning. They tend to take more turns, and in the absence of the teacher have more. Pdf studies in second language learning and teaching. Language stands for the whole culture because language represents culture in the minds of its speakers.
Role of technology in language learning it is rare to find a language class that does not use some form of technology. Community language learning build strong personal links between the teacher. In recent years, technology has been used to both assist and enhance language learning. Children can tell the difference between all the sounds in all the worlds languages at birth. First language acquisition and classroom language learning. In english language teaching elt, especially, when english is connected to class room teaching crt, it plays a very significant role in engrossing the students attention. The focus of this lesson plan is to facilitate comprehension and learning for mainstream students as well as students with varying english language proficiency and backgrounds.
Second language teaching and learning with technology. First language use in second and foreign language learning. Digital games in second and foreign language teaching and learning. Through initiatives such as the national standards for foreign language learning, language educators in the united states have made it a priority to incorporate the study of culture into their classroom curricula. Second language acquisition and second language learning. The first source is interference from the native language while the second source can be attributed to intralingual and developmental factors. We use it to express our love or our hatred, to achieve our goals and further our careers, to gain artistic satisfaction or simple pleasure, to pray or to blaspheme. Assuming no previous background in second language acquisition or language teaching methods, this text starts by introducing readers to the basic issues of second language acquisition research. As students are learning a second language, most of the classes are in english. A key eld strategy is to provide comprehensible input for the english language learner by the use of visuals, realia, and gestures.
Second language acquisition theories behind every teaching approach is some kind of a theory of language learningacquisition second language acquisition theories are intrinsically related to a wide variety of disciplines such as applied linguistics, sociolinguistics, psychology, neurology, and education. She has conducted research in a wide variety of subareas of second language acquisition, including language transfer, language universals, second language research methods, and input and interaction. Gesture produced deeper and stronger neural memory traces, as measured by the late. The volume includes practical scenarios, reflection questions, and classroom activities related to digital games. First language acquisition, second language acquisition, language anxiety, language ego, motivation, language aptitude, behaviourism, innatism, interactionist approach. Construction in second language learning and teaching by. On teaching strategies in second language acquisition 64 traditionally, teachers shouldered much of the responsibility for learning in the classroom. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Even though the school has changed the curriculum during the past two years, due to the importance of developing the mother tongue from the. By the time they turn one year old, infants have become language specialists. Attitude and aptitude in second language acquisition and learning 19 3. Based on this understanding, widely discussed second language theo ries, including behaviorism, will be treated as explanations of parts of a whole, since each captures a different aspect of sla. Chapter 11 second language learning and language teaching styles.
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